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Writer's pictureDan Spencer

The Peculiar Truth about Liechtenstein's Criminal Genius


  • Liechtenstein is a landlocked European nation nestled in the Alps between Switzerland and Austria.

  • It’s the sixth smallest country in the world. Most Pacific and Atlantic islands dwarf it.

  • Liechtenstein is slightly larger than the city of San Francisco and slightly smaller than the District of Columbia.

  • It became a sovereign monarchy in 1719, although the territory was settled many centuries earlier.

  • Next to its European neighbors, Liechtenstein’s history is comparatively dull.

  • One true tale, however, involves an infamous local criminal from the late 1700s.

  • Her name was Barbara Erni. She was more popularly known as the Golden Boos.

  • Erni was born in a small village to impoverished circumstances.

  • In her adulthood, she was described as an attractive and powerfully built strawberry blonde.

  • She roamed from village to village hauling a heavy trunk across her back.

  • Erni would approach a local inn seeking shelter for the night.

  • She claimed that her strongbox contained valuable treasure and should be kept overnight in the most secure room on the premises.

  • The innkeepers often placed her trunk in a room that contained their own valuable possessions.

  • She would insist that the room be locked. Then Erni would retire to her room for the evening.

  • In the morning, the bewildered innkeepers would discover that their guest and her trunk were gone.

  • The room in which they had stashed her box had been ransacked and unlocked but with no sign of forced entry. They’d been robbed.

  • The legend of the Golden Boos spread throughout the land.

  • How had she committed the theft? Her method was brilliantly simple.

  • Her trunk contained a very small man.

  • He would climb out of the container at night, let her in the room, and help her steal everything of value.

  • Erni and her accomplice got away with their crimes for many years until finally apprehended.

  • She admitted to committing 17 thefts and became a wealthy woman.

  • In 1784, after being found guilty at trial, the Golden Boos was sentenced to death. She was beheaded.

  • Barbara Erni was the last person to receive the death penalty in Liechtenstein.

  • Today, Liechtenstein is one of the safest countries on earth with almost no theft.

  • It’s also one of the world’s wealthiest nations, despite a population of fewer than 39,000 people.

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